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Grande de Buba River
The Rio Grande de Buba, also called the Rio Buba, Rio Grande, and Grande River, is an estuary〔George E. Brooks, ''Landlords and Strangers: Ecology, Society, and Trade in Western Africa, 1000-1630'' (Westview Press, 1993; ISBN 0813312620), p. 265: "The Grande River is not properly a river but a drowned estuary captured by the sea, into which flow insignificant streams; the sandbanks and strong tides and currents there are navigational hazards for seamen."〕 of West Africa that is entirely contained within Guinea-Bissau, where it empties into the Atlantic Ocean. It is about in total length and is wide at its mouth.〔Hendrik A. Van der Linde and Melissa H. Danskin (eds.), ''Enhancing Sustainability: Resources for Our Future : Proceedings of a Workshop Held at the World Conservation Congress Organised by the Sustainable Use Initiative, 17-20 October 1996, Montreal, Canada'' (IUCN, 1998: ISBN 2831704278), p. 63.〕 It is an environment unique in West Africa, which has no other example of an arm of the sea extending so far inland, with a downstream depth of around , and its fauna is extremely rich and diversified.〔Van der Linde and Danskin, ''Enhancing Sustainability'', p. 63.〕
The Grande was commercially important in the late 16th century,〔Brooks, ''Landlords and Strangers'', p. 269: "(de Andrade ) stated (January 1582 ) that, at times, there were twenty to thirty vessels trading in the Grande River for captives, ivory, and gold."〕 but this soon changed: "Biafada and Mandinka traders along the Geba River and the Papel of Bissau greatly benefited from the precipitous decline of Grande River trade as Bijago raiders increasingly disrupted Biafada and lançado commerce and terrorized Biafada communities along the river."〔Brooks, ''Landlords and Strangers'', p. 272.〕
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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